, These parametric regressors were meant to capture 737 specificities of each particular trial, whereas the categorical regressor captured common 738 processes involved in performing an inter-temporal choice. All regressors of interest were 739 convolved with a canonical hemodynamic response function (HRF). The GLM also included 740 subject-specific realignment parameters in order to correct for motion artifacts, with boxcar functions. They were parametrically modulated by the block number 733 within a session

, Subject-level contrasts were categorical regressors 745 against implicit baseline, which captured easy task-related activity, hard task-related activity 746 and choice-related activity. A conjunction analysis (logical AND) was conducted at the group 747 level between the difficulty contrast (1 on hard and -1 on easy task-related regressors) and the 748 choice contrast (1 on choice-related regressors), Linear contrasts of regression estimates (betas) were computed at the subject level, and taken 744 to group-level random-effect analysis

, This ROI was defined as the intersection 755 between 1) clusters that showed significant conjunction between activation with task difficulty 756 33 and during choice, and 2) clusters in which choice-related activity showed significant 757 interaction between task difficulty and time on task (higher decrease in choice-related activity 758 in subjects performing hard tasks relative to subjects performing easy tasks). To test for the 759 specificity of overreaching effect on left MFG activity, we checked other ROI within the 760 executive control network involved in inter-temporal choice. These ROI were defined as 8mm 761 spheres (using MarsBar toolbox) centered on local maxima of choice, The main region of interest (ROI), in the left MFG (red cluster in Fig. 5), was delineated from 754 a previous study 5 to avoid non-independence issues

, The only significant effect was a difference between OR and 766 CTL groups in the left MFG. We also checked that activity in the left MFG cluster was not 767 affected by any parametric regressor of the GLM (block number, immediate reward, delay, 768 response time, choice type). In particular, left MFG activity was not related to reward or delay 769 (see Fig. S2), in keeping with the computational analysis showing that fatigue effect on choices 770 was independent from these factors. To establish a link between the behavioral and the neural 771 effects of executive fatigue, we tested across-subjects correlation between the fitted immediate 772 bias in inter-temporal choice and the choice-related activity in MFG, ROIs and compared between groups and 765 sessions using two-tailed t-tests

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